Usually, the immune checkpoint inhibitors perform their functions through blocking interactions between immune checkpoint proteins and corresponding ligands. Creative BioMart provides customers with immune checkpoint inhibitors binding and interaction assay service to test specificity of inhibitors to their targets. We will use ELISA and Creative BioMart cell line-based binding assay in this service.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a very commonly used immunoassay, which can detect and quantify antibodies, peptides, proteins and small molecules by using a multi-well plate. Direct-ELISA is the most used to estimate antigen cross-reactivity. Creative BioMart will discuss with reseach teams of customers and make an experimental plan to evaluate your immune checkpoint (PD-1, CTLA-4, etc.) inhibitors binding to the ligands or receptors through ELISA assay.
Figure 1. Types of ELISA.
In this method, we firstly use flow cytometry tool to measure the binding and interaction of immune checkpoint inhibitors with cell lines which can express targeted immune checkpoint proteins. Then, EC50 (binding affinities) and IC50(binding inhibitiong) can be generated with immune checkpoint inhibitors provided from customers.