Product Overview
Recombinant PDCD1 / PD1 (25-167) protein that includes amino acids 25-167 of human PD1 protein (accession number NP_005009.2) was expressed in a baculovirus expression system, and contains an C-terminal FLAG tag. The molecular weight of the protein is 17.8 kDa.
Description
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD1), inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. PDCD1 delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2. Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation. PDCD1 suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta. The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival. The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.
Form
Recombinant PDCD1/PD1 (25-167) protein is supplied in 25 mM HEPES-NaOH pH 7.5, 300 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.04% Triton X-100, 0.5 mM TCEP.
Applications
Where possible, Active Motif has developed functional or activity assays for recombinant proteins. Additional characterization such as enzyme kinetic activity assays, inhibitor screening or other biological activity assays may not have been performed for every product.
