Description
This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate a latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a mature peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a mature peptide homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latent TGF-beta binding protein, or in an active form consisting solely of the mature peptide homodimer. The mature peptide may also form heterodimers with other TGFB family members. This encoded protein regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and growth, and can modulate expression and activation of other growth factors including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. This gene is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease.
Molecular Mass
Predicted Molecular Mass: 12.8 kDa (monomer)
SDS-PAGE: 12 kDa, reducing conditions, 24 kDa, non-reducing conditions
Bio-activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT-2 mouse T cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL. The specific activity of recombinant human TGF-beta 1 GMP is >1.0 × 10^7 units/mg, which is calibrated against the human TGF-beta 1 Standard (NIBSC code: 89/514).
Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
A minimum of 12 months when stored at ≤ -20 centigrade as supplied. Refer to lot specific COA for the Use by Date.
1 month, 2 to 8 centigrade under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
3 months, ≤ -20 centigrade under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
